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Cognitive Behavioral Interventions for Children and Adolescents With Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and

Xinran Xie1,2, Yunhe Mao3,4, Minghui Sun1,2

  • 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Obesity Reviews : an Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity
|March 6, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Behavioral therapy effectively manages pediatric obesity, with specific techniques like parental involvement and stimulus control showing significant benefits. Prioritizing these components in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is recommended for better outcomes in children and adolescents.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Behavioral Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The effectiveness of individual components within cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for pediatric obesity management is not well-established.
  • This systematic evaluation investigates the impact of CBT and its specific techniques on children and adolescents with obesity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically evaluate the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) components for pediatric obesity.
  • To compare the effects of different CBT techniques against usual care or minimal education in managing childhood obesity.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL was conducted up to July 17, 2024.
  • Included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing CBT techniques for obesity management in pediatric populations.
  • Component network meta-analyses and modified GRADE approaches were used to assess evidence certainty and effect sizes.

Main Results:

  • 125 trials involving 16,513 participants were analyzed.
  • Behavioral therapy likely reduces body fat percentage, waist circumference, and improves quality of life.
  • Parental involvement and stimulus control probably reduce BMI z-score; preplanning and feedback likely reduce body fat percentage.

Conclusions:

  • Behavioral therapy, independent of cognitive components, appears effective for pediatric obesity.
  • Key CBT techniques for prioritization include parental involvement, stimulus control, preplanning, and feedback for optimal results.
Abstract

Keywords:
adolescentschildrencognitive behavioral therapyobesity

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