[An exceptional case of disseminated cystic echinococcosis]

Cystic echinococcosis is a widespread zoonosis caused by the proliferation of the larval stage of Echinoccocus granulosus, which leads to the formation of cysts. In 75% of cases, there is a single cyst, which mostly affects the liver and the lungs. Disseminated forms are exceptional, and their treatment is complex and non-standardized. There are currently four therapeutic strategies. The indication for each strategy depends on several factors, including the number and stage of the cysts.

We reported the case of a 24-year-old woman, suffering from a multivisceral disseminated hydatidosis, with a large number of cysts in the lung, the liver, the spleen and the peritoneum. Initially, she presented with cutaneous jaundice, associated with biological inflammatory syndrome, cholestasis and cytolysis. This was a sign of a frequent complication of cystic echinococcosis: the rupture of a cyst in the bile duct. She was treated with two antiparasitic drugs and then underwent a surgery to remove a large number of cysts. During surgery, an omentectomy, splenectomy and hepatic lobectomy were necessary.

We described a rare case of disseminated cystic echinococcosis, for which there is currently no standardized therapeutic strategy.