Metrnl in health and disease: tissue-specific actions and signaling networks
1Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China.
Abstract:
Emerging as a novel secreted protein, Meteorin-like (Metrnl) exhibits substantial sequence homology with Meteorin (Metrn). Although Metrnl was initially identified in the context of adipose tissue and metabolic regulation, accumulating evidence has demonstrated its widespread expression across multiple tissues, including the nervous system, barrier tissues, and skeletal muscle. Functionally, Metrnl exerts pleiotropic biological effects and has been implicated as an adipokine, an immunomodulatory factor, and a cytoprotective mediator. This review provides an overview of current knowledge regarding the tissue-specific actions of Metrnl and summarizes the major signaling pathways associated with its activity. The integral role of Metrnl across different systems in both health and disease states is further examined, with a focus on elucidating its pathological involvement in various human disorders.
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