A Rare Case of Primary Breast Angiosarcoma: Diagnostic Challenges and Findings

Primary breast angiosarcoma (PBA) is an exceptionally rare and aggressive vascular malignancy, accounting for less than 0.04% of all breast cancers. It is characterized by rapid growth, high recurrence rates, and poor prognosis, often leading to diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. We report the case of a 41-year-old woman presenting with a rapidly enlarging left breast mass following trauma, initially misdiagnosed as granulomatous mastitis. Multimodal imaging, including ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), revealed features consistent with a vascular tumor, which was confirmed as PBA through histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. The patient underwent a core needle biopsy followed by mastectomy. This case highlights the importance of advanced imaging techniques and histopathological evaluation in diagnosing PBA, as well as the need for early recognition and surgical intervention to improve outcomes. Further studies are required to establish standardized diagnostic and treatment protocols for this rare malignancy.