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[Innovative Development and Future Prospects in Forensic Pathology].

Ning-Guo Liu1

  • 1Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China.

Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi
|March 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Forensic pathology is evolving with new technologies for more accurate cause of death determination and postmortem interval (PMI) estimation. This review explores innovations in microscopic, molecular, imaging, and AI-driven analysis for enhanced legal evidence.

Keywords:
artificial intelligenceforensic pathologymultimodal fusionpostmortem biochemistryreviewvirtual autopsy

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic pathology integrates advanced technologies for scientific and objective determination of death.
  • The discipline is transitioning towards multimodal, precision-driven, and intelligent diagnostic approaches.

Background:

  • Forensic pathology provides crucial scientific evidence for judicial proceedings, aiding in crime investigation and human rights protection.
  • Rapid technological advancements present both opportunities and challenges for traditional forensic methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the development status of forensic pathology in key technical fields.
  • To elaborate on the application value and challenges of new technologies in improving death investigation accuracy.
  • To prospect the future of forensic pathology driven by data, intelligence, and multidisciplinary integration.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current developments in microscopic diagnosis, molecular marker detection, imaging technologies, and intelligent biomechanical analysis.
  • Focus on innovative applications including postmortem interval (PMI) estimation, diatom testing, and diagnosis of specific death causes.
  • Systematic elaboration on the application value and challenges of new technologies in injury mechanism analysis.

Main Results:

  • New technologies enhance accuracy in cause of death determination and objectivity in PMI estimation.
  • Innovations improve the scientific rigor of analyzing injury mechanisms.
  • Specific applications show promise in areas like aquatic death investigations and diagnosing sudden deaths.

Conclusions:

  • Forensic pathology is advancing towards data-driven, intelligent, and multidisciplinary paradigms.
  • Future development requires standardized systems, talent cultivation, and robust ethical/legal frameworks.
  • Technological integration will significantly enhance the societal value and scientific rigor of forensic pathology.