Quality aging as an integrative concept in gerontology

Our proposal of quality aging seeks to expand both successful aging and positive aging. Our aims include: to propose a construct that is not categorical but continuous or dynamic; to create an objective and measurable concept that avoids inducing feelings of guilt or inadequacy in those who may not appear to age positively or successfully; and to ensure a multidimensional construct. Our proposal of quality aging aims to highlight, from a psychosocial perspective, both the role of the environment and personal psychological resources. The intention of this model is to counteract the tendency in gerontology to emphasize the false dichotomy between positive and negative aging. We hope that the FRAG (Family functioning, Resilience, Acceptance and Gratitude) model could help correct some dualisms (positive vs. negative aging, healthy vs. unhealthy, environment vs. psychological emphasis), encourage investigation into the determinants of quality aging, and identify goals for older adults' interventions. Family functioning, resilience, acceptance, and gratitude are essential strengths to promote quality aging, which moves away from the idea that aging necessarily means loss, illness, or vulnerability. Physical health is important among older adults, but environmental and psychological aspects promote quality aging even in adverse health conditions. It is possible that facing adversities throughout the aging process may make older adults stronger.