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Identifying Failure Predictors in Thyroid Nodule Radiofrequency Ablation Using Multivariate Analysis: A Single-Centre

Shmuel Wechsler1,2, Tanya Shcherbavea1,2, Jacob Pitaro1,2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shamir Medical Centre, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel.

Clinical Endocrinology
|March 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pre-treatment thyroglobulin levels may predict radiofrequency ablation (RFA) success for benign thyroid nodules. Antibody positivity may indicate a risk for post-ablation hypothyroidism, guiding personalized treatment.

Keywords:
RFAVRRanti Tg‐Abbenign thyroid nodulethyroglobulin

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Minimally Invasive Surgery
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a safe and effective minimally invasive treatment for benign thyroid nodules (BTN).
  • Predictors of RFA success and post-procedural thyroid dysfunction require further investigation.
  • This study evaluates clinical, procedural, and biochemical factors influencing RFA outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify predictors of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) success in benign thyroid nodules (BTN).
  • To explore factors associated with post-procedural thyroid dysfunction after RFA.
  • To evaluate the role of biochemical markers in predicting RFA outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 62 patients undergoing ultrasound-guided RFA for BTN.
  • Collected demographic, sonographic, procedural, and biochemical data (TSH, Tg, anti-Tg antibodies).
  • Primary endpoint: Volume Reduction Ratio (VRR) ≥50% for procedural success.

Main Results:

  • Median VRR was 61.9%, with 71% achieving ≥50% reduction.
  • Higher pre-treatment thyroglobulin (Tg) levels correlated with reduced VRR and predicted procedural failure (p<0.001).
  • Two patients (3.2%) developed hypothyroidism, both with positive anti-Tg antibodies.

Conclusions:

  • Pre-treatment thyroglobulin levels may predict RFA success in benign thyroid nodules.
  • Anti-thyroglobulin antibody positivity may indicate susceptibility to post-ablation hypothyroidism.
  • Biochemical profiling could enhance patient selection and personalize RFA treatment planning.