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Related Concept Videos

Primary Healthcare Services01:30

Primary Healthcare Services

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Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
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Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention01:26

Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention

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Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
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Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

Preventive Healthcare Services

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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Principles of Disease Surveillance01:26

Principles of Disease Surveillance

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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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Healthcare Agencies II01:17

Healthcare Agencies II

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There are various healthcare agencies in the United States—some of which are managed by religious institutions and others by different government branches.
Parish nursing is a growing specialty nursing profession that focuses on holistic healthcare, health promotion, and illness prevention. It blends professional nursing practice with a health ministry, focusing on health and healing within the context of a Christian community. Parish nurses serve as health educators, referral sources,...
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Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System01:26

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

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At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 10, 2026

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
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Making US public health a good idea again.

Toomas Timpka1,2, Elin A Gursky3, James M Nyce4

  • 1Department of Health, Medicine, and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.

Lancet Regional Health. Americas
|March 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary

The COVID-19 pandemic revealed weaknesses in the US public health system, highlighting a limited sense of common good and unequal access to innovations. Rebuilding trust requires renegotiating the social contract for future pandemic preparedness.

Keywords:
COVID-19IllnessInnovationPandemic planningPublic healthSocial contractSwedenSystemsUnited StatesVaccination

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sociology
  • Pandemic Preparedness

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic exposed critical vulnerabilities within the US public health infrastructure.
  • Public questioning of nonpharmaceutical and pharmaceutical interventions stemmed from a perceived lack of choice.
  • Existing societal beliefs and inequities impacted disease control efforts and public trust.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the impediments to effective pandemic response in the US.
  • To examine the role of the "common good" in public health adherence.
  • To identify factors influencing vaccination acceptance and disease control.

Main Methods:

  • Cultural-historical examination of pandemic response.
  • Analysis of public perception of health interventions.
  • Assessment of the relationship between scientific innovation and public interest.

Main Results:

  • A limited sense of "common good" was a central obstacle to US pandemic control.
  • Inequitable scientific-biotechnological innovation and public health's perception of illness hindered efforts.
  • Weakened vaccination acceptance and disease control were linked to these factors.

Conclusions:

  • US public health must renegotiate its social contract with the public.
  • Restoring a shared understanding of public health relevance is crucial.
  • Effective response to future health challenges and pandemics necessitates systemic changes.