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Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
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Improving a drug's stability in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is paramount for enhancing its bioavailability and therapeutic effectiveness. Various strategies are employed to protect the drug from the harsh gastric milieu and to ensure its release and absorption at the desired site within the GI tract.Polymer coatings are one such method used to shield drugs from the stomach's acidic environment. By preventing premature drug release, these coatings improve the bioavailability of unstable...
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Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
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After oral administration, poor permeability often limits the rate at which drugs are absorbed through the intestinal epithelium. Enhancing drug permeability is crucial for effective therapy, and several strategies have been developed to overcome this challenge.One effective strategy involves the use of lipid-based formulations. These formulations enhance dissolution and solubility, targeting physiological mechanisms to increase drug absorption. This includes stimulating bile salt secretion,...
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Triethoxysilyl-Functionalized Polyethylenimine: Its Spontaneous Cross-Linking and Drug Retention.

Erika Yoshihara1, Ayaka Tomoda1, Kana Morishita1

  • 1Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute (CMB), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.

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Summary

This study introduces a novel polyethylenimine-based coating (Si-PEI) for effective antibacterial and antiviral applications. The durable coating successfully retains antimicrobial and antiviral agents, offering sustained infection control in various environments.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Infectious Disease Control

Background:

  • Developing effective antibacterial and antiviral coatings is crucial for infection control in healthcare and public spaces.
  • Existing coatings often face challenges with the leaching of active antimicrobial and antiviral agents.
  • A need exists for stable, long-lasting coatings that can retain and controllably release therapeutic agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate polyethylenimine functionalized with triethoxysilyl groups (Si-PEI) as a platform for advanced antimicrobial and antiviral coatings.
  • To assess the ability of the Si-PEI coating to retain water-soluble antimicrobial and antiviral agents.
  • To evaluate the stability and efficacy of the developed coating under realistic conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of Si-PEI via a one-pot reaction in ethanol.
  • Coating application onto material surfaces from a diluted solution.
  • Spontaneous cross-linking of the coating upon solvent evaporation at room temperature.
  • Assessment of water resistance and retention of incorporated agents (copper ions, sulfonamide antibiotics, didecyldimethylammonium chloride).
  • Evaluation of viral infectivity suppression of deposited droplets on the coated surface.

Main Results:

  • The Si-PEI coating formed a water-resistant layer upon room temperature cross-linking.
  • The coating effectively retained water-soluble antimicrobial agents, moderately suppressing leaching.
  • The antiviral agent didecyldimethylammonium chloride was also retained, demonstrating stable suppression of viral infectivity.
  • The developed coating showed sustained efficacy under realistic conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Si-PEI presents a feasible and promising platform for developing durable antibacterial and antiviral coatings.
  • The coating's ability to retain active agents enhances the longevity and effectiveness of infection control measures.
  • This technology holds potential for widespread application in medical and public health settings for infection prevention.