Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 10, 2026
Author Spotlight: Advancing Allergic Rhinitis Research with Multicolor Immunofluorescence
Published on: September 22, 2023
Type 2 inflammation promotes distinct metabolic profiles in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
T Yonaga1, H Ishii1, K Yoshimura2
1Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medical Science,University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan.
Abstract:
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory disorder of the sinonasal mucosa that occurs with or without nasal polyps (NPs). Compared with CRS without NPs, CRS with NPs (CRSwNP) is associated with more severe and uncontrolled sinonasal symptoms. Type 2 inflammation, driven by TH2 cytokines (interleukins 4, 5, and 13), promotes eosinophilic infiltration into NPs and contributes to disease progression and recurrence. Although recent studies have emphasized biological phenotyping and identified genetic/epigenetic endotypes to optimize treatment strategies for CRSwNP, clinical translation remains limited. Because cellular phenotypes are strongly influenced by metabolic alterations, profiling of the metabolic landscape may provide insight into CRSwNP pathogenesis and identify bio-markers of type 2 inflammationâ€"related symptom exacerbation, treatment resistance, and recurrence. However, metabolomic characterization of CRSwNP remains underexplored.
More Related Videos
11:54Absorption of Nasal and Bronchial Fluids: Precision Sampling of the Human Respiratory Mucosa and Laboratory Processing of Samples
Published on: January 21, 2018
09:12Characterization of Inflammatory Responses During Intranasal Colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae
Published on: January 17, 2014
Related Concept Videos
01:20Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology
Chronic Inflammation
01:26Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
01:23Chronic Pharyngitis
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...