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Related Concept Videos

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

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Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose01:02

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Carbohydrates consumed through foods are converted into glucose, a crucial energy source for the body. In the prandial state, high blood glucose levels stimulate the secretion of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin inhibits hepatic glucose production and stimulates glucose uptake and metabolism by muscle and adipose tissue. The excess glucose is converted into glycogen and stored in the liver and muscles.
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Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose01:16

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Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
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Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion01:27

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The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
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Continuous Ketone Monitoring in Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Prospective Multicenter Method-Comparison and Feasibility

Nathan L Haas1, Frederick K Korley1, Ryan M Schneider2

  • 1University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics
|March 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Continuous ketone monitoring (CKM) is feasible for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) treatment, offering accurate beta-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB) readings and earlier detection of DKA resolution. This technology shows promise for improving DKA care quality.

Keywords:
continuous ketone monitoringdiabetic ketoacidosis

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Medical Devices
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) management can be optimized with continuous ketone monitoring (CKM).
  • Limited data exists on the agreement between interstitial and venous beta-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB) during DKA.
  • Assessing CKM feasibility and BOHB agreement is crucial for DKA treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility of CKM in adults with DKA.
  • To determine the agreement between interstitial BOHB measured by CKM and venous BOHB.
  • To assess CKM's ability to detect DKA resolution compared to standard care.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective multicenter method-comparison study in two emergency departments.
  • Adult patients (>18 years) diagnosed with DKA were enrolled.
  • Interstitial BOHB via CKM was compared with simultaneous venous BOHB measurements every 2 hours.

Main Results:

  • 164 paired CKM and venous BOHB values were analyzed from 34 patients.
  • Strong correlation (r=0.96) was found between CKM and venous BOHB measurements.
  • CKM detected DKA resolution 55 minutes earlier than standard care, with no device complications.

Conclusions:

  • CKM is a feasible method for monitoring BOHB during DKA treatment.
  • CKM provides clinically accurate BOHB readings and detects DKA resolution earlier.
  • CKM-guided DKA treatment may enhance the quality and value of patient care.