From Biointelligence to Biointerference: Exosomes as Bioengineered Cellular Communicators Transforming Regenerative...

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Cell Biology
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles mediating intercellular communication via cargo like microRNAs and proteins.
• They act as cellular "software updates," influencing cell behavior and gene expression.
• Exosomes show promise in tissue repair, immune modulation, and anti-aging applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the therapeutic potential of natural and bioengineered exosomes.
• To explore their mechanisms of action in regenerative therapies and aesthetic interventions.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature search was performed across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.
• Included studies were in vitro, in vivo, and clinical research on exosome applications in regeneration and anti-aging.
• Studies were analyzed using a narrative synthesis approach due to heterogeneity.

Main Results:

• Exosomes are potent therapeutic agents modulating repair and regeneration processes.
• Mammalian, plant-based, and hybrid exosomes provide scalable platforms for targeted delivery.
• Exosome therapy integration with cellular reprogramming and bioelectric signaling may enhance clinical utility.

Conclusions:

• Exosomes represent a novel therapeutic class for regenerative and aesthetic medicine.
• Further research is needed on safety, scalability, and regulatory aspects for clinical adoption.