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Addressing the missing stair: Conversion culture in mental health ecosystems.
1Doctoral Researcher, Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, INDIA.
Indian Journal of Medical Ethics
|March 9, 2026
Summary
Conversion culture persists in mental healthcare, subtly otherising queer and transgender individuals. This review highlights how subtle biases in training and clinical practice perpetuate harm, necessitating deeper examination of mental health education and frameworks.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Sociology
- Public Health
Background:
- Persistent otherisation of queer/transgender individuals within mental health systems.
- Conversion culture, valuing cis-heteronormativity, influences healthcare values.
- Paradoxical acceptance of anti-conversion practices by cis-heterosexual psychotherapists.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically examine the persistence of conversion culture in mental health ecosystems.
- To explore how micro-aggressions contribute to ongoing otherisation.
- To advocate for a deeper analysis of mental health training and curricula.
Main Methods:
- Critical literature review focusing on micro-aggressions.
- Analysis of conversion culture's manifestation beyond overt conversion attempts.
- Examination of healthcare frameworks and training realities.
Main Results:
- Conversion culture persists in mental health classrooms, training, and clinical interactions despite bans.
- Subtle biases and pro-conversion attitudes can be legitimized and perpetuated in training.
- Micro-aggressions contribute to negative healthcare experiences for queer/trans individuals.
Conclusions:
- Outright conversion therapy bans are insufficient to dismantle conversion culture.
- Mental health curricula and training must be critically evaluated for embedded biases.
- Addressing systemic issues is crucial to prevent the perpetuation of harm and ensure inclusive mental healthcare.
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