All-Solid-State Bioinspired Nanofluidic Devices for Coupled Pressure- and Light-Driven Ionic Conversion

The inherent nonlinearity and limited multimodal sensing capabilities of conventional flexible sensors hinder their applications in complex scenarios such as wearable health monitoring and human-machine interaction. Here, a fully solid-state sensor based on MXene/silk fibroin (SF) composite membrane is proposed, which features expanded interlayer spacing and enhanced mechanical strength, achieving a linear and self-powered conversion of both pressure- and light-driven ionic conversion to electrical responses. In force-electric conversion mode, the current and voltage sensitivity of the obtained pressure sensor with solid electrolyte can reach 2.667 mA m^-2 kPa^-1 and 0.083 mV kPa^-1, respectively. In light-electric conversion mode, the switching ratio of current is as high as 2658.0, and the response time is as fast as 25 ms. The dual-mode synergy was successfully applied to wearable physiological monitoring, acoustic wave recognition, image recognition, and information encryption, establishing a new paradigm for next-generation bionic sensing systems.