Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 12, 2026

Analysis of Organochlorine Pesticides in a Soil Sample by a Modified QuEChERS Approach Using Ammonium Formate
Published on: January 20, 2023
Nationwide Indoor-Outdoor Exchange and Health Risks of Organophosphate Esters in China
Haibo Ma1, Zixuan Li1, Dongchun Wang1
1Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
Abstract:
Production and usage of organophosphate esters (OPEs) as primary substitutes for brominated flame retardants have surged in recent decades and exacerbated health risks in both indoor and outdoor environments. This study systematically explores the geospatial distribution, dynamic indoor-outdoor exchange fluxes, and health risks of the OPEs in China by a novel model framework combining an atmospheric transport model and an indoor exposure model. The results indicate that coastal urban clusters in Eastern and Southern China, characterized by intensive industrial activities and high population density, are core areas of OPE contamination by both indoor and outdoor sources with total outdoor concentration of five major OPE homologues peaked above 240 ng/m3 in 2019. Indoor-outdoor OPE transport exhibits significant spatial heterogeneity in urban areas, revealing strong contribution of indoor OPE pollution to its outdoor contamination in Northern China and weak contribution in Southern China, driven by indoor and outdoor emissions and levels, physical-chemical properties, and climate conditions determining the frequency of ventilation and open architectural designs.
Related Concept Videos
Types of Toxins
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment
Irreversible agents form a strong bond with the cholinesterase enzyme, making it inactive. The breakdown of the phosphorylated enzyme is...
Toxic Reactions: Overview
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...

