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Adaptation to a Whole-Body Powered Exoskeleton: Human-Exoskeleton Coordination During Load-Handling Tasks.

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Novice users showed significant adaptation to powered exoskeletons, improving task performance and reducing physical strain over multiple sessions. However, they did not fully match experienced users' efficiency and coordination after three training sessions.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Occupational Health

Background:

  • Whole-body powered exoskeletons offer potential for augmenting human performance and reducing physical strain in occupational settings.
  • Limited understanding exists regarding user adaptation to these complex devices during practical work scenarios.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare novice and experienced users' adaptation to powered exoskeletons during simulated occupational load-handling tasks.
  • To assess changes in task performance, biomechanical demands, and perceived workload in novice users over multiple training sessions.

Main Methods:

  • Six novice users underwent three familiarization and task performance sessions with a powered exoskeleton.
  • Five experienced users performed the same tasks once for comparison.
  • Task completion time, movement jerk, angular velocities, joint kinematics, muscle activity, and perceived exertion were measured.

Main Results:

  • Novice users demonstrated substantial improvements, with task completion time decreasing by ~50% and movement jerk by 30% across sessions.
  • Despite improvements, novices still exhibited performance gaps compared to experienced users in session three.
  • Novices adopted distinct movement patterns, including lower angular velocities (up to 52% lower) and greater hip flexion, while muscle activation and perceived exertion approached experienced levels.

Conclusions:

  • Novice users adapt significantly to powered exoskeletons over multiple sessions, particularly in movement patterns and muscle activation.
  • Extended familiarization and training are likely necessary for powered exoskeleton designs, as novices did not achieve the skilled coordination of experienced users within three sessions.
  • The study provides baseline data on the novice learning curve for powered exoskeleton use in occupational settings.