Superradiance and Broadband Emission Driving Fast Electron Dephasing in Open Quantum Systems

Area of Science:

• Quantum Optics
• Condensed Matter Physics
• Strongly Correlated Electron Systems

Background:

• The ultrashort dephasing time T2 (≈ O(1) fs) in solid-state high-harmonic generation (HHG) is a persistent puzzle.
• Identifying the physical origin of electron scattering on such short timescales within solids remains challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the physical origin of ultrashort dephasing times in solid-state high-harmonic generation (HHG).
• To explore the dynamics of the 1D Hubbard model in a dissipative quantum environment.

Main Methods:

• Simulations of the 1D Hubbard model using the Lindblad equation.
• Analysis of high-harmonic generation (HHG) in a dissipative quantum environment.
• Investigating electron scattering and coherent stimulated emission phenomena.

Main Results:

• Verified solid-state Dicke superradiance and broadband emission mimicking blackbody radiation due to electron scattering.
• Discovered strong destructive interference between Dicke superradiance and broadband emission.
• Demonstrated that this interference scales down the effective electron scattering time, explaining the few-femtosecond dephasing time T2.

Conclusions:

• The study explains the long-standing problem of ultrafast femtosecond electron dephasing in HHG.
• The findings provide a platform for understanding nonequilibrium dissipative dynamics in correlated electron systems.