Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation01:28

Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation

1.1K
Nuclear relaxation restores the equilibrium population imbalance and can occur via spin–lattice or spin–spin mechanisms, which are first-order exponential decay processes.
In spin–lattice or longitudinal relaxation, the excited spins exchange energy with the surrounding lattice as they return to the lower energy level. Among several mechanisms that contribute to spin–lattice relaxation, magnetic dipolar interactions are significant. Here, the excited nucleus transfers...
1.1K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

1.3K
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
1.3K
Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects01:26

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects

37
Schottky defects arise when some lattice points in a crystal, such as those in NaCl, remain unoccupied, creating lattice vacancies without disturbing the overall electrical neutrality of the crystal. This defect is common in ionic crystals where the positive and negative ions are similar in size, as seen in sodium chloride and cesium chloride. The presence of Schottky defects enables the crystal to conduct electricity to a small extent through an ionic mechanism. Electric fields cause nearby...
37
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

1.6K
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
1.6K
NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

3.6K
The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
3.6K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

11.5K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
11.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Synthetic Tuning of Exciton-Phonon Coupling in Janus WS<sub>2(1‑<i>x</i>)</sub>Se<sub>2<i>x</i></sub> Monolayers Revealed by Resonant Raman Excitation Spectroscopy for Optoelectronic Applications.

ACS applied nano materials·2026
Same author

Direct Visualization of Canted Magnetization and Topological Charges in Self-Intercalated van der Waals Magnet Cr<sub>1+δ</sub>Te<sub>2</sub> with Hidden Structural Phases.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Gap Opening in Graphene-Based 2D Heterostructures: The Interplay of Spin-Orbit Coupling, Hybridization, and Symmetry.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Ultranarrow bright single-photon emitters in diamond with strong broadband phonon decoupling.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Landau-Zener Transition Enhanced Quantum Sensing in Spin Defects of Hexagonal Boron Nitride.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Suppressing Phase Segregation and Improving Stability in Mixed-Halide Perovskites through Spinel Oxide-Directed Epitaxy.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 12, 2026

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics
11:33

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics

Published on: January 19, 2018

10.3K

Probing boron vacancy defects in hBN via single spin relaxometry.

Alex L Melendez1, Ruotian Gong2, Guanghui He2

  • 1Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.

Nature Communications
|March 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers used nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers to indirectly detect and map spin defects in 2D materials. This novel technique enables nanoscale characterization of quantum sensors without optical detection.

More Related Videos

Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations
13:56

Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations

Published on: October 12, 2019

8.4K
Measuring the Spin-Lattice Relaxation Magnetic Field Dependence of Hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate
11:57

Measuring the Spin-Lattice Relaxation Magnetic Field Dependence of Hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate

Published on: September 13, 2019

7.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 12, 2026

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics
11:33

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics

Published on: January 19, 2018

10.3K
Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations
13:56

Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations

Published on: October 12, 2019

8.4K
Measuring the Spin-Lattice Relaxation Magnetic Field Dependence of Hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate
11:57

Measuring the Spin-Lattice Relaxation Magnetic Field Dependence of Hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate

Published on: September 13, 2019

7.0K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Materials science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Spin defects in solids are promising for quantum sensing and memory.
  • Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are well-established quantum sensors.
  • Boron vacancy (VB-) centers in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) are emerging 2D spin systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for detecting and spatially mapping spin defects, specifically VB- centers in hBN, using NV centers.
  • To demonstrate indirect readout of spin properties without optical excitation of the target defect.
  • To establish NV centers as versatile probes for characterizing other spin systems.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of a single NV center with scanning probe microscopy.
  • Indirect detection of VB- electron spin resonance via changes in NV center's spin relaxation time (T1).
  • Utilizing cross-relaxation between NV and VB- ensembles for nanoscale mapping.

Main Results:

  • Successful indirect detection and nanoscale mapping of VB- centers in hBN.
  • Quantitative mapping of defect densities beyond the optical diffraction limit.
  • Resolution of hyperfine splitting in isotopically enriched h10B15N.

Conclusions:

  • NV centers can serve as versatile probes for characterizing inaccessible spin defects in various materials (3D and 2D).
  • The developed method bypasses the need for optical excitation/fluorescence detection of the target spin defect.
  • This approach advances nanoscale quantum sensing and characterization of quantum materials.