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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

In Vivo Dynamics of Retinal Microglial Activation During Neurodegeneration: Confocal Ophthalmoscopic Imaging and Cell Morphometry in Mouse Glaucoma

In Vivo Dynamics of Retinal Microglial Activation During Neurodegeneration: Confocal Ophthalmoscopic Imaging and Cell Morphometry in Mouse Glaucoma

Published on: May 11, 2015

Simultaneous spatial transcriptomics and morphology profiling as tools to explore how microglia change with age.

Douglas E Henze¹, Andy P Tsai^2,3, Tony Wyss-Coray^2,3,4

¹Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

|March 11, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Subcellular mRNA organization influences microglial cell shape and function. Aging alters these mRNA patterns, impacting microglial roles in the brain.

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Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

In Vivo Dynamics of Retinal Microglial Activation During Neurodegeneration: Confocal Ophthalmoscopic Imaging and Cell Morphometry in Mouse Glaucoma

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Simultaneous Imaging of Microglial Dynamics and Neuronal Activity in Awake Mice

Simultaneous Imaging of Microglial Dynamics and Neuronal Activity in Awake Mice

Published on: August 23, 2022

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cell Biology
Immunology

Background:

Cellular function is closely tied to morphology, but the role of subcellular transcript localization is not well understood.
Microglia, the brain's resident macrophages, serve as a key model for studying cell function and morphology.
Understanding microglial states is crucial for brain health, disease, and aging research.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the interaction between morphology and subcellular mRNA localization in microglia.
To map how these interactions influence microglial function in young and aged mouse brains.
To explore the impact of aging on microglial mRNA distribution and function.

Main Methods:

Combined multiplexed error-robust fluorescence in situ hybridization with immunohistochemistry.
Analyzed mRNA spatial organization and its relationship with microglial morphology and function.
Compared young and aged mouse brain microglia.

Main Results:

mRNA spatial organization varies across different microglial states and within their processes.
Identified a subpopulation of disease-associated-like microglia with ramified morphology, challenging existing assumptions.
Aging reshapes mRNA distributions and co-localization networks, shifting microglial functions.

Conclusions:

Subcellular transcript organization plays a significant role in shaping microglial morphology and function.
Aging alters mRNA localization, shifting microglial programs towards migration and catabolic regulation.
Findings provide new insights for studying and modulating microglial states in various conditions.