Rare cancers research: Current state of knowledge and emerging opportunities for prevention and interception

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Cancer Research

Background:

• Rare cancers collectively represent approximately 25% of all cancer diagnoses.
• Limited research exists for rare cancers, contributing to poorer survival rates compared to common cancers.
• The National Cancer Institute (NCI) and Department of Defense (DoD) recognize the need to advance rare cancer research.

Purpose of the Study:

• To address challenges hindering rare cancer prevention and interception research.
• To identify critical research gaps in the field of rare cancers.
• To explore and promote opportunities for advancing rare cancer research.

Main Methods:

• Convened a two-day virtual workshop in May 2024.
• Brought together key stakeholders: scientists, clinicians, and patient advocates.
• Facilitated open discussions on rare cancer research, prevention, and interception.

Main Results:

• Identified critical research gaps in rare cancers.
• Discussed approaches for the prevention and interception of rare cancers.
• Explored emerging opportunities and strategies to advance research in the field.

Conclusions:

• Rare cancers, though individually uncommon, pose a significant collective health burden.
• Collaborative efforts and strategic planning are crucial for advancing rare cancer prevention and interception.
• Further research is needed to overcome challenges and improve outcomes for rare cancer patients.