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Integrating neural, physiological, and interoceptive measures in social interaction.

Giada Lettieri1

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Social interactions involve coupled brain and body systems. Understanding this multilevel synchrony, including neural and physiological signals, is key for social connection and potential interventions.

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brain-body couplinghyper scanninginter-brain synchronyinteroceptionphysiological synchronysocial interaction

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Social Psychology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Social interaction emerges from coupled brain-body systems.
  • Neural synchrony (inter-brain synchrony) indicates shared engagement during interaction.
  • Physiological synchrony (autonomic signals) also converges, reflecting rapport and cooperation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a framework integrating neural, autonomic, and interoceptive processes in social behavior.
  • To highlight the role of interoception as a bridge between neural and physiological synchrony.
  • To explore how multimodal hyperscanning can clarify multilevel coupling in social interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing multimodal hyperscanning in naturalistic tasks.
  • Employing temporally sensitive analyses to examine interactions.
  • Integrating neural, autonomic, and interoceptive data.

Main Results:

  • Neural and physiological synchrony co-occur during social interactions.
  • Interoception may link neural and autonomic alignment.
  • Multilevel coupling dynamics can be studied using hyperscanning.

Conclusions:

  • Social behavior arises from multilevel coupling of neural activity, autonomic physiology, and interoceptive processes.
  • Multimodal synchrony offers a mechanistic readout for social connection.
  • Interventions targeting internal dynamics via synchrony may support social connection.