Development and Psychometric Properties of the Breastfeeding Avoidance Scale (BAS)
Cansu Akdag Topal1, İlçim Ercan-Koyuncu1, Kübra Nur Kabakci-Saridag1
1Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Başkent University, Ankara, Türkiye.
Summary
This study developed and validated the Breastfeeding Avoidance Scale for Turkish mothers. The scale reliably measures breastfeeding avoidance, aiding in identifying challenges and improving support for mothers.
Area of Science:
- Maternal and Child Health
- Psychometrics
- Nursing Research
Background:
- Breastfeeding offers significant infant health benefits.
- Mothers may develop avoidance behaviors due to breastfeeding challenges.
- Understanding these challenges is crucial for effective support.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and psychometrically evaluate the Breastfeeding Avoidance Scale (BAS) in Turkish postpartum mothers.
- To provide a reliable instrument for assessing breastfeeding avoidance.
- To identify factors contributing to breastfeeding avoidance in the Turkish population.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional, methodological, and descriptive study design.
- Development of the 18-item Breastfeeding Avoidance Items based on literature review.
- Assessment of reliability (Cronbach's alpha, test-retest) and validity (expert feedback, factor analysis) in 227 postpartum mothers.
Main Results:
- Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure explaining 63.06% of variance.
- The scale demonstrated satisfactory model fit (CFI=0.91, RMSEA=0.08).
- High reliability (test-retest r=0.82, ICC=0.861; internal consistency Cronbach's alpha=0.965) and concurrent validity (r=-0.743) were confirmed.
Conclusions:
- The Breastfeeding Avoidance Items is a valid and reliable tool for assessing breastfeeding avoidance in Turkish mothers.
- The scale can be utilized in clinical and research settings.
- It aids in identifying and addressing breastfeeding challenges to improve practices.
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