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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Mouth01:26

Assessment of the Mouth

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A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
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Tooth Anatomy01:21

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The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
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Teeth01:15

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The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin...
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The oral cavity, or the mouth, is a complex structure in humans that plays a vital role in our day-to-day lives. Its role is not only in chewing and swallowing food; it also plays a role in speech and facial expressions.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 12, 2026

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children
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Oral Health in Hospitalized Children: A Cross Sectional Study.

Claudia Capurro1, Virginia Casali1, Giulia Romanelli1

  • 1Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.

Special Care in Dentistry : Official Publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric Dentistry
|March 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric inpatients often experience oral health decline due to hospitalization. Prior hospitalizations are linked to poorer oral health, highlighting the need for integrated oral care in hospitals.

Keywords:
adolescentchilddental caredentistryhospitalizationoral health

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Hospital Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hospitalized children face risks to oral health from treatments, nutrition changes, and hygiene disruption.
  • Oral health deterioration is an underappreciated complication of pediatric hospitalization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess oral health, diet, and dental history in pediatric inpatients.
  • To correlate oral health with systemic conditions and hospitalization history.

Main Methods:

  • Enrolled 559 children hospitalized between November 2023 and April 2025.
  • Collected data via caregiver interviews and clinical examinations (dmft/DMFT, MGI, IOTN, PI, salivary pH).

Main Results:

  • 86.9% had systemic diseases; 82.3% had previous hospitalizations; 65.5% used pharmacological therapies.
  • Poor nutritional/oral health education was noted.
  • Oral deterioration (20%), caries experience (63%), and cariogenic diets (93%) were prevalent. Prior hospitalizations correlated with poorer oral health (p=0.019), higher plaque index (p=0.023), gingival index (p=0.007), and orthodontic treatment need (p=0.006).

Conclusions:

  • Hospitalization is a critical window for pediatric oral health interventions.
  • Current oral health promotion in hospitals is underexploited.
  • Integrating oral health promotion into pediatric hospital care is essential.