Color standardization in whole slide imaging: a method to reduce color variability.
Louise Collins1, Richard Heale1, Richard M Salmon1
1PathQA Ltd, Harpenden, UK.
Journal of Histotechnology
|March 11, 2026
Summary
Color standardization in digital pathology is crucial for consistent Whole Slide Imaging (WSI). This study developed an ICC profile method to align scanner colors with spectral values, reducing variability and improving AI integration in diagnostics.
Area of Science:
- Digital Pathology
- Medical Imaging
- Color Science
Background:
- Consistency in Whole Slide Imaging (WSI) is vital for digital pathology.
- Variability in color reproduction across WSI scanners poses challenges for accurate analysis.
- Integration of AI in pathology necessitates standardized image data.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate a color standardization method for WSI scanners.
- To mitigate scanner-induced color discrepancies in digital pathology.
- To ensure consistent data for AI-driven diagnostic accuracy.
Main Methods:
- Utilized color data from 55 color patches across multiple WSI scanners.
- Generated International Color Consortium (ICC) profiles using a proprietary algorithm.
- Compared scanner color gamuts to spectral values and sRGB before and after standardization.
Main Results:
- WSI scanners exhibit significant variations in linear profiles, tone curves, and white/black point calibration.
- The ICC-based standardization method effectively reduced discrepancies between scanned and spectral color values.
- Standardization demonstrated substantial improvement in color accuracy compared to uncalibrated scanners.
Conclusions:
- ICC profile-based standardization can significantly reduce color variability in WSI.
- Standardized digital pathology data is essential for reliable AI and diagnostic applications.
- Adoption of a universal calibration standard is recommended for industry-wide consistency.
