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Fertility Knowledge and Its Determinants Among Japanese Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the Cardiff

Mika Sugihara1, Kuniaki Ota1,2, Eri Maeda3

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PubMed
Summary

Fertility knowledge among Japanese medical students increases during early years but then plateaus. Educational gaps exist in areas like obesity and STIs, indicating curriculum improvement needs.

Keywords:
fertilityhealth literacymedical studentspreconception caresurveys and questionnaires

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Reproductive Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Assessing fertility knowledge is crucial for reproductive health.
  • Understanding knowledge gaps in medical students informs educational strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate fertility knowledge in Japanese medical students using the Cardiff Fertility Knowledge Scale-Japanese version (CFKS-J).
  • To identify factors associated with fertility knowledge levels.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional survey of 613 medical students across six academic years.
  • Fertility knowledge assessed via CFKS-J, analyzed by academic year and regression models.
  • Factors associated with knowledge scores and high knowledge (≥80%) were examined.

Main Results:

  • Mean fertility knowledge score was 72.7%, increasing from year 1 to 3, then plateauing.
  • Low correct response rates were observed for obesity, male mumps, amenorrhea, conception possibility, and STIs.
  • Higher academic year correlated with better knowledge; insufficient sex education recall and not considering childbearing age were linked to lower scores.

Conclusions:

  • Fertility knowledge improves in early medical school years but plateaus later.
  • Specific knowledge deficits and recall/awareness factors highlight areas for curriculum enhancement in fertility and preconception education.