[Research progress on novel technologies and evaluation methods for nasal drug delivery]

Focused on the challenges in brain disease treatment and advancements in nose-to-brain delivery research, this article summarized current progress in nasal drug delivery research and proposed several novel evaluation models for nasal drug absorption. By reviewing five types of evaluation models-ex vivo animal tissue models, in situ perfusion models, in vivo pharmacokinetic models, in vitro cell models, and computational fluid dynamics model-it clarified the distinct advantages of nasal drug delivery compared to other administration routes. Furthermore, by outlining emerging nasal drug delivery technologies and irritation evaluation methods, it explored the cutting-edge directions of nose-to-brain delivery. This provides essential support for the selection of nose-to-brain delivery dosage forms and paves new paths for the advancement of nasal drug delivery.