[Research progress on novel technologies and evaluation methods for nasal drug delivery]

Area of Science:

• Pharmacology
• Neuroscience
• Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

• Brain disease treatment faces challenges, necessitating innovative drug delivery methods.
• Nose-to-brain delivery offers a promising alternative route for therapeutic agents targeting the central nervous system.
• Current research focuses on optimizing nasal drug absorption and minimizing systemic exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize the progress in nasal drug delivery research for brain diseases.
• To propose and evaluate novel models for assessing nasal drug absorption.
• To explore emerging technologies and future directions in nose-to-brain delivery.

Main Methods:

• Review of five evaluation models: ex vivo animal tissue, in situ perfusion, in vivo pharmacokinetic, in vitro cell, and computational fluid dynamics.
• Analysis of distinct advantages of nasal drug delivery compared to other administration routes.
• Outline of emerging nasal drug delivery technologies and irritation evaluation methods.

Main Results:

• Nasal drug delivery presents significant advantages for targeting brain diseases.
• Five distinct evaluation models were reviewed, each with specific applications in assessing nasal drug absorption.
• Emerging technologies and irritation evaluation methods are crucial for advancing nose-to-brain delivery.

Conclusions:

• Novel evaluation models enhance the understanding and optimization of nasal drug absorption.
• Nose-to-brain delivery research provides essential support for selecting appropriate dosage forms.
• This work paves new paths for the advancement of nasal drug delivery systems for neurological disorders.