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Area of Science:

  • Ornithology
  • Ecology
  • Animal Physiology

Background:

  • The transition from juvenile dependence to independence is crucial for long-term survival and reproductive success in species with parental care.
  • Physiological condition during this period, particularly early-life stress indicators like telomere length and DNA damage, can influence postfledging behavior and survival.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between physiological condition (telomere length and DNA damage) and the timing of colony departure and postfledging movements in yellow-legged gulls.
  • To determine if biomarkers of early-life stress predict key life-history decisions during the transition to independence.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of telomere length and DNA damage in blood samples from fully grown yellow-legged gull chicks.
  • GPS tracking of juvenile gulls to monitor their movements after leaving the natal colony.

Main Results:

  • All tracked individuals departed their natal colony between 52 and 84 days of age.
  • Chicks with shorter telomeres and higher DNA damage exhibited earlier colony departure, suggesting poorer condition.
  • Females and individuals with higher DNA damage settled farther from the natal colony, indicating sex-specific and condition-dependent dispersal patterns.

Conclusions:

  • Physiological state at the end of the developmental period significantly influences juvenile dispersal timing and distance in yellow-legged gulls.
  • Biomarkers of early-life stress are valuable predictors of crucial postfledging decisions.
  • These findings have implications for understanding population dynamics and the adaptive capacity of avian populations facing environmental challenges.