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Related Experiment Video

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Ecospirituality Predicts Pro-Environmental Outcomes Across Cultures.

Matthew I Billet1,2, Adam Baimel3

  • 1University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

Environment and Behavior
|March 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Across cultures, ecospirituality, or the belief in nature's spiritual qualities, positively influences pro-environmental actions. This connection is consistently mediated by moral responsibility, gratitude, and self-efficacy towards nature.

Keywords:
attitudescultureenvironmental psychologypro-environmental behaviourpsychology

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Psychology
  • Cross-Cultural Psychology
  • Sociology of Religion

Background:

  • The concept of nature possessing spiritual qualities is prevalent globally.
  • Prior research in North America linked ecospirituality to pro-environmental outcomes.
  • The cross-cultural generalizability of this link remained largely untested.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between ecospirituality and pro-environmental outcomes (behavioral intentions, policy support, financial donations) in a diverse, cross-cultural sample.
  • To identify the mediating pathways through which ecospirituality influences pro-environmentalism across different cultures and religions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a large-scale cross-cultural survey of 11,186 religious individuals from 15 countries, representing 5 major world religions.
  • Conducted pre-registered statistical analyses to assess direct associations and mediation effects.

Main Results:

  • Ecospirituality demonstrated a consistent positive association with pro-environmental behavioral intentions, policy support, and financial donations across all cultural and religious groups.
  • The pathways linking ecospirituality to pro-environmentalism were consistent globally, mediated by moral responsibility towards nature, gratitude for nature, and environmental self-efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Ecospirituality serves as a universal motivator for environmental care, bridging diverse cultural and religious perspectives.
  • Findings suggest ecospirituality is a robust foundation for fostering global environmental stewardship.