The hole story: a case report of a ceramic implant's unexpected journey

Catastrophic failure of ceramic-on-polyethylene (CoP) total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a rare but severe complication. While ceramics offer superior wear resistance, polyethylene liner degradation can progress silently over decades, culminating in component failure, metallosis, and functional decline.

We report the case of a 66-year-old female who presented with pain and mechanical symptoms 20 years after a CoP "DURALOC" Exeter THA. Imaging revealed eccentric polyethylene wear and acetabular osteolysis. Intraoperatively, the ceramic femoral head was found to have eroded through the polyethylene liner and acetabular shell, accompanied by gross metallosis and joint subluxation. Revision surgery involved full component exchange, debridement, and successful reconstruction.

This case highlights the potential for catastrophic failure in long-standing CoP implants and emphasizes the importance of long-term surveillance. Despite the durability of ceramic components, polyethylene wear remains a critical factor in implant longevity.

Early detection of polyethylene wear is essential to prevent catastrophic failure. Regular follow-up and prompt revision can result in excellent postoperative outcomes, even after severe implant degradation.