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Effect of traffic congestion on mental health in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Khalid A B Abdulrahman1, Abdullah A Al-Mohsen2, Ammar Y Al Qahtani2
1Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Background:
Traffic congestion is a growing concern in urban environments, often linked to adverse mental health outcomes. In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, frequent congestion may significantly impact commuters' psychological well-being. This study aims to assess the association between traffic congestion and mental health, including the influence of demographic factors and coping behaviors among adult commuters.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted using a validated, self-administered online questionnaire. A total of 548 participants responded. Data were analyzed using SPSS to identify key associations between traffic congestion and mental health indicators.
Results:
Among respondents, 58.6% were male and 64.6% aged 18-25 years. Despite regular exposure to traffic congestion, 39.1% reported high psychological well-being, while 15.3% reported low levels. Low well-being was significantly associated with longer commute times, perceived mental health impact of traffic, stress or anxiety related to rush-hour travel, altered social interactions, job burnout, decreased social engagement, and intentions to relocate or change jobs.
Conclusion:
Traffic congestion negatively affects mental health among Riyadh commuters, particularly through extended commute durations and stress-related symptoms. These findings highlight the need for urban planning and transportation policies that reduce congestion and enhance mental well-being across urban populations.
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