Biomimetic Cell Membrane-Coated MOFs System for Targeted Cancer Therapy

The integration of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with cell membrane coatings has emerged as a revolutionary strategy to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of cancer nanomedicine. In this review, we systematically summarized recent advances in cell membrane-camouflaged MOF as drug delivery systems, focusing on their unique advantages in tumor targeting, immune evasion, and biocompatibility. By emulating the characteristics of natural cells, these biomimetic systems demonstrate enhanced circulation time, increased accumulation within tumors, and decreased uptake by macrophages. A critical analysis was conducted on a variety of membrane sources, including cancer cells, red blood cells, and macrophages. The analysis focused on the functionalities of these sources in tumor homing and immune modulation. The following design strategies are of particular interest: hybrid membrane engineering and stimuli-responsive drug release mechanisms. This field demonstrates considerable potential for combination therapies integrating chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and photothermal modalities. In the future, the development of new drugs should prioritize intelligent drug release systems and personalized treatment through advanced biomaterial engineering.