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Real-Time Cardiac Biofeedback Intervention: Experiences of Patient and Public Involvement in a Randomized Controlled
Marina Bobou1, Michal Tanzer1, Alkistis Saramandi1
1Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, England, WC1E 7HB, United Kingdom, 44 20 7612 6143.
Journal of Participatory Medicine
|March 12, 2026
Summary
Patient and public involvement (PPI) in the InMe trial enhanced research relevance and addressed health inequalities. This collaboration improved trial design and implementation, demonstrating the value of diverse expert input.
Area of Science:
- Health Research Methodology
- Clinical Trials
- Patient and Public Involvement (PPI)
Background:
- Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) is essential for improving research quality, relevance, and addressing health inequalities.
- Documenting and sharing PPI studies is recognized as vital for advancing the field and encouraging wider adoption of these practices.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report on the PPI activities integrated into the development and implementation of the Interoceptive Insight and Metacognitive Efficacy beliefs (InMe) trial.
- To detail the process of a randomized controlled trial for a novel therapeutic tool aimed at enhancing interoception and metacognition.
Main Methods:
- The InMe trial incorporated insights from experts by experience, alongside clinical and academic experts.
- A collaborative approach guided the trial's development through four key stages: design, delivery, results interpretation, and future planning.
Main Results:
- Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) activities led to significant, meaningful changes within the InMe trial.
- Collaborators reported high satisfaction and a heightened interest in interoception research.
Conclusions:
- The integration of PPI activities demonstrated unique insights and added substantial value to the InMe trial's development and implementation.
- Identified challenges and shortcomings provide opportunities for improving support for experts by experience in sharing their insights.
