Developing a feasible exercise program for patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: An action...

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Transplantation Medicine
• Exercise Physiology

Background:

• Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients face significant physiological and psychological challenges during treatment.
• Optimizing patient functional capacity and well-being during HSCT is crucial for recovery.
• Existing exercise interventions during HSCT are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and evaluate a feasible, safe, and acceptable exercise program for patients undergoing HSCT.
• To tailor an exercise protocol to the specific needs of transplant patients.
• To assess patient adherence, satisfaction, and safety of the intervention.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature review and expert consultations informed the initial program design.
• Seven cycles of action research with first-time HSCT patients refined the intervention.
• Quantitative and qualitative data synthesis guided continuous program optimization.

Main Results:

• The final program involved at least 3 days/week of low-intensity aerobic, breathing, stretching, and resistance exercises for 20+ min/session.
• No adverse events were reported; patient satisfaction averaged 3.8/5, with adherence at 124.2%.
• Qualitative data revealed positive experiences, improved habits, and enhanced family connections, with high motivation overcoming barriers.

Conclusions:

• A flexible, caregiver-assisted exercise program is feasible, safe, and highly acceptable for HSCT patients.
• Medical team and caregiver support are key to successful implementation.
• This structured protocol offers a proactive intervention to enhance patient functional capacity within the standard care pathway.