Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Absorption of Nutrients01:19

Absorption of Nutrients

9.0K
Absorption refers to taking dietary nutrients from the intestinal lumen for transportation throughout the body. After digestion in the small intestine, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are broken down into simpler forms. These essential macronutrients and other vital substances, such as vitamins, minerals, and water, are then prepared for absorption into the bloodstream.
Enterocytes, which are specialized polar epithelial cells, line the mucosa of the small intestinal walls. These cells...
9.0K
Mineral, Vitamin and Water Absorption01:27

Mineral, Vitamin and Water Absorption

1.8K
Electrolytes are essential minerals and ions primarily obtained from the diet and absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. Most electrolytes are absorbed in the small intestine. While the absorption of iron and calcium primarily occurs in the duodenum, calcium is also absorbed in the jejunum and ileum. In these regions, passive diffusion contributes to its absorption alongside active transport mechanisms in the duodenum. These ions can exit the enterocytes through specialized active...
1.8K
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Anatomical Parameters01:23

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Anatomical Parameters

800
Drug absorption involves the movement of drugs from the point of administration into the systemic circulation. Initially, Gastrointestinal (GI) motility propels the drug through the digestive tract and into the stomach. However, the stomach's high acidity and limited surface area restrict its role in drug absorption for most drugs. The drug then moves from the stomach to the small intestine via gastric emptying, which can be slowed by various factors, including interactions with other...
800
Protein Absorption01:12

Protein Absorption

1.3K
Proteins in the gastrointestinal tract typically come from food, but they can also originate from disintegrated cells or secreted enzymes. In the stomach, the enzyme pepsin breaks down these proteins into polypeptides. The fragments then move into the duodenum as a semi-fluid mass called chyme. Pancreatic proteases, such as trypsin and chymotrypsin, and intestinal brush border enzymes like carboxypeptidases further dismantle the polypeptides into tripeptides, dipeptides, and free amino acids.
1.3K
Carbohydrate Absorption01:25

Carbohydrate Absorption

7.8K
Carbohydrates are essential macronutrients that serve as the body's primary energy source. Their digestion begins in the mouth, where salivary amylase partially breaks down complex carbohydrates such as starch into smaller oligosaccharides. This mechanical and enzymatic activity prepares carbohydrates for further processing in the gastrointestinal tract.
After being swallowed, the partially digested carbohydrates mix with gastric secretions in the stomach. However, the acidic environment...
7.8K
Drug Absorption: Overview01:17

Drug Absorption: Overview

2.5K
The process of drug absorption signifies the transition of a drug from its site of administration into the plasma. This process is influenced by various factors, including the route of administration, the anatomy of the absorption site, the mechanism of absorption, gut motility, and the drug's physicochemical properties.
When drugs are injected intravenously, they directly enter the systemic circulation. Alternatively, orally administered drugs navigate through the gastrointestinal (GI)...
2.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Multi-cohort evidence for impaired microbial support of the methionine cycle in children with autism spectrum disorder.

Psychiatry research·2026
Same author

Research progress and mechanistic exploration of Ophiopogon japonicus polysaccharides in the treatment of obesity-related diabetes and cardiovascular diseases: A narrative review.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2026
Same author

A α-synuclein aggregation inhibitor exerts neuroprotective effects via mitochondrial resilience in Parkinson's disease.

Journal of advanced research·2026
Same author

UBC9 silencing-mediated PPARα deSUMOylation induces inhibition of cell proliferation by ferroptosis in acute myeloid leukemia.

Archives of medical science : AMS·2026
Same author

Antarctic krill oil Pickering emulsions stabilized by zein/sodium caseinate-xanthan gum nanoparticles: stability, bioaccessibility, and anti-inflammatory activity.

Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)·2026
Same author

Genomic insights into the improvement of Chinese fir from ancient domestication continuum to modern breeding.

Nature communications·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Author Spotlight: Experiential Tool for Teaching Active Transport Using Ex Vivo Histidine Uptake
04:40

Author Spotlight: Experiential Tool for Teaching Active Transport Using Ex Vivo Histidine Uptake

Published on: October 4, 2024

2.7K

Nutrient absorption goes viral.

Ye Peng1, Dengwei Zhang2, Hein M Tun1

  • 1Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China; System Microbiology and Antimicrobial Resistance (SMART) Lab, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Cell Host & Microbe
|March 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The enteric virome, or viruses in the gut, directly impacts host physiology. These viruses regulate carbohydrate metabolism via dual signaling, with immune surveillance influencing the outcome.

More Related Videos

The Caco-2 Cell Bioassay for Measurement of Food Iron Bioavailability
06:34

The Caco-2 Cell Bioassay for Measurement of Food Iron Bioavailability

Published on: April 28, 2022

5.9K
Two-Dimensional Visualization and Quantification of Labile, Inorganic Plant Nutrients and Contaminants in Soil
12:03

Two-Dimensional Visualization and Quantification of Labile, Inorganic Plant Nutrients and Contaminants in Soil

Published on: September 1, 2020

6.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Author Spotlight: Experiential Tool for Teaching Active Transport Using Ex Vivo Histidine Uptake
04:40

Author Spotlight: Experiential Tool for Teaching Active Transport Using Ex Vivo Histidine Uptake

Published on: October 4, 2024

2.7K
The Caco-2 Cell Bioassay for Measurement of Food Iron Bioavailability
06:34

The Caco-2 Cell Bioassay for Measurement of Food Iron Bioavailability

Published on: April 28, 2022

5.9K
Two-Dimensional Visualization and Quantification of Labile, Inorganic Plant Nutrients and Contaminants in Soil
12:03

Two-Dimensional Visualization and Quantification of Labile, Inorganic Plant Nutrients and Contaminants in Soil

Published on: September 1, 2020

6.9K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Metabolism

Background:

  • The gut microbiome includes bacteria, fungi, and viruses, collectively known as the virome.
  • The enteric virome's role in host physiology is less understood compared to the bacteriome.
  • Emerging evidence suggests the enteric virome actively influences host health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the enteric virome in regulating host metabolism.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which enteric viruses modulate physiological processes.
  • To determine the influence of adaptive immunity on virome-mediated metabolic effects.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of viral populations within the gastrointestinal tract.
  • Investigating signaling pathways affected by viral presence.
  • Assessing carbohydrate metabolism markers in host models.
  • Evaluating the impact of adaptive immune responses.

Main Results:

  • The enteric virome autonomously regulates carbohydrate metabolism.
  • Dual signaling pathways are involved in virome-mediated metabolic control.
  • Adaptive immune surveillance plays a critical role in determining the net metabolic outcome.
  • Specific viral components or interactions trigger these metabolic changes.

Conclusions:

  • The enteric virome is a significant modulator of host carbohydrate metabolism.
  • Viral signaling pathways offer novel targets for metabolic interventions.
  • Immune surveillance is a key factor in balancing virome-host metabolic interactions.
  • Understanding the enteric virome is crucial for comprehending host physiology and health.