Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

10.1K
RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
10.1K
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

28.4K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
28.4K
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

8.2K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
8.2K
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

18.9K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
18.9K
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

12.0K
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
12.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Structure-aware graph learning predicts RNA editability across tissues and species.

Research square·2026
Same author

Structure-aware Graph Learning Predicts RNA Editability Across Tissues and Species.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Landscape of A-I RNA editing in mouse, pig, macaque, and human brains.

Nucleic acids research·2025
Same author

A systematic evaluation of the therapeutic potential of endogenous-ADAR editors in cancer prevention and treatment.

NAR cancer·2025
Same author

PACT prevents aberrant activation of PKR by endogenous dsRNA without sequestration.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

REDIportal: toward an integrated view of the A-to-I editing.

Nucleic acids research·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

A Nonsequencing Approach for the Rapid Detection of RNA Editing
08:50

A Nonsequencing Approach for the Rapid Detection of RNA Editing

Published on: April 21, 2022

3.0K

A transcriptome-wide systematic search does not detect A-to-I RNA editing in cis-antisense RNA duplexes.

Zohar Rosenwasser1,2, Roni Cohen-Fultheim1,2, Ofir Shliefer1,2

  • 1Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.

Genome Research
|March 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Adenosine to inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing by ADAR enzymes is usually specific to double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). This study finds A-to-I RNA editing is rare in dsRNA formed by complementary sense and antisense transcripts (NATs).

More Related Videos

An In Vitro Assay to Detect tRNA-Isopentenyl Transferase Activity
07:46

An In Vitro Assay to Detect tRNA-Isopentenyl Transferase Activity

Published on: October 8, 2018

7.5K
iCLIP - Transcriptome-wide Mapping of Protein-RNA Interactions with Individual Nucleotide Resolution
10:45

iCLIP - Transcriptome-wide Mapping of Protein-RNA Interactions with Individual Nucleotide Resolution

Published on: April 30, 2011

59.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 14, 2026

A Nonsequencing Approach for the Rapid Detection of RNA Editing
08:50

A Nonsequencing Approach for the Rapid Detection of RNA Editing

Published on: April 21, 2022

3.0K
An In Vitro Assay to Detect tRNA-Isopentenyl Transferase Activity
07:46

An In Vitro Assay to Detect tRNA-Isopentenyl Transferase Activity

Published on: October 8, 2018

7.5K
iCLIP - Transcriptome-wide Mapping of Protein-RNA Interactions with Individual Nucleotide Resolution
10:45

iCLIP - Transcriptome-wide Mapping of Protein-RNA Interactions with Individual Nucleotide Resolution

Published on: April 30, 2011

59.5K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • A-to-I RNA editing, mediated by ADAR enzymes, diversifies the transcriptome by altering RNA sequences.
  • ADAR enzymes bind to double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), with specificity influenced by dsRNA structure.
  • dsRNA can form from intramolecular base-pairing (stem structures) or intermolecularly from sense and antisense transcripts (NATs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the extent of A-to-I RNA editing in dsRNA formed by co-transcribed sense and antisense transcripts (NATs).
  • To determine if NATs are a significant source of substrates for ADAR-mediated RNA editing.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of RNA editing levels at genomic loci where both sense and antisense strands are transcribed.
  • Examination of the association between RNA editing and secondary structures within NAT regions.

Main Results:

  • RNA editing is infrequently observed in genomic regions where both strands are co-transcribed.
  • When RNA editing occurs in NAT regions, it is predominantly linked to intramolecular secondary structures within a single RNA strand.
  • This suggests that ADAR editing in NAT regions relies more on single-strand structures than on the dsRNA formed by NAT binding.

Conclusions:

  • ADAR-mediated RNA editing of dsRNA derived from naturally occurring antisense transcripts (NATs) is rare.
  • Intramolecular RNA structures appear to be more critical for ADAR targeting in NAT regions than intermolecular dsRNA formation.
  • The contribution of NATs to the overall landscape of A-to-I RNA editing may be limited.