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Cleft Lip: Early Primary Repair

Anika Y Kim1, Joseph M Firriolo1, Caroline C Kreh2

  • 1Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America
|March 12, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Early cleft lip repair (ECLR) offers a standardized framework to reduce the surgical, financial, and psychosocial burden for infants. This approach provides a practical roadmap for modern craniofacial programs.

Area of Science:

  • Craniofacial Surgery
  • Neonatal Care
  • Pediatric Plastic Surgery

Background:

  • Cleft lip repair is a common pediatric surgical procedure.
  • Early intervention may offer significant benefits.
  • Standardization of care is crucial for optimal outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a standardized, multidisciplinary framework for early cleft lip repair (ECLR).
  • To provide a practical, evidence-based roadmap for implementing neonatal cleft lip repair.
  • To offer a reproducible model for other institutions.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of over a decade of institutional experience.
  • Inclusion of more than 300 patients undergoing ECLR.
  • Development of a framework covering patient selection, nutrition, anesthesia, and surgical technique.

Main Results:

  • A standardized, multidisciplinary framework for ECLR was established.
  • Detailed selection criteria, perioperative workflows, and technical considerations were outlined.
  • The framework is adaptable for various institutional resources and patient populations.

Conclusions:

  • Early cleft lip repair has the potential to reduce the cumulative burden of cleft lip management.
  • The presented framework offers a reproducible model for implementing neonatal cleft lip repair.
  • This evidence-based roadmap supports the integration of ECLR into modern craniofacial programs.

Keywords:
Early cleft lip repairInstitutional algorithmModified anatomic subunit approximation techniqueSurgical timing

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