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Chasing the Source of the En Masse Autopsy Method.

Patrick Hansma¹

¹Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI.

The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology

|March 13, 2026

Summary

The en masse evisceration autopsy technique's origin is unclear, with historical records suggesting it predates its commonly attributed names. Further research is needed to pinpoint its true source.

Keywords:

Benjamin Bell Maurice Letulle autopsy autopsy method autopsy technique en masse evisceration evisceration forensic pathology history of pathology pathology

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Area of Science:

Medical History
Autopsy Techniques
Surgical Procedures

Background:

The en masse evisceration method is a historical autopsy technique.
Its origins are debated, with attributions to "Rokitansky" and "Letulle."
Historical records are obscured by oral tradition and publication inconsistencies.

Purpose of the Study:

To trace the material evidence of the en masse evisceration method.
To correct historical inaccuracies regarding its origin.
To highlight challenges in discovering the source of autopsy techniques.

Main Methods:

Historical document analysis
Tracing publication and oral traditions
Investigating autopsy records

Main Results:

The en masse evisceration method did not originate with Letulle in France.
The technique was documented in Scotland over a century before French attributions.
The precise origin of the en masse evisceration method remains undetermined.

Conclusions:

The historical attribution of the en masse evisceration method requires revision.
18th-century Edinburgh utilized en masse autopsy, opening new research avenues.
Further investigation is necessary to definitively establish the method's origin.