Prevalence of Risk Factors and their Association with Cardiovascular Diseases: A Single-Center Retrospective Study in...

Area of Science:

• Cardiology and Public Health

Background:

• Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a significant global health challenge with rising prevalence and mortality.
• Key risk factors include diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, hypertension, and obesity.
• Identifying CVD outcome predictors is essential for improving healthcare and reducing disease burden.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate predictive factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes.
• To identify associations between clinical and behavioral variables and CVD outcomes in a specific population.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective study of 697 patients.
• Data collection included demographics, lifestyle habits, clinical measurements, and comorbidities.
• Statistical analyses were performed to determine associations between factors and CVD outcomes.

Main Results:

• Analysis of 697 participants (70.7% male, mean age 58.09 years), with a majority from rural areas.
• Prevalent factors included smoking (52.8%) and elevated triglycerides.
• Significant risk factors for CVD were smoking, high triglycerides, hypertension, and diabetes; smokers were 2.59 times more likely to develop CVD.

Conclusions:

• Key CVD risk factors identified in a rural Indian population include smoking, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and high cholesterol.
• CVD development was strongly associated with multiple modifiable risk factors, emphasizing cumulative lifestyle and clinical impacts.
• Comprehensive strategies promoting healthy habits and policy changes are needed to mitigate risks and reduce CVD incidence.