Photoelectrochemical Nanofluidic Memristor: A New Family of Neuromorphic Building Blocks

Due to the heterogeneous structures and functions of the human nervous system, innovation of neuromorphic building blocks has long been the goal of neuromorphic engineering. Here, we report on a new concept of photoelectrochemical nanofluidic memristor (PNM) with analogous synaptic transmission to that in human vision. By matching miniaturized n-type or p-type semiconducting electrodes with negatively- or positively-charged nanochannels, four combinations of PNMs are produced with rich hysteresis characteristics and bio-realistic retinomorphic functions. Heterologous regulation and algorithmic-nanofluidic applications are further implemented in this device. As a proof of concept, the PNM will serve as a general technique to catalyze a new family of neuromorphic building blocks for advancing aqueous neuromorphic exploration.