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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
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Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

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Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
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Analyzing Beneficial Effects of Nutritional Supplements on Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Functions During Experimental Colitis
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Innovative, complementary and alternative therapy in inflammatory bowel diseases: A broad 2020s update.

Letizia Masi1, Cristina Ciuffini2, Valentina Petito1,2

  • 1Centro per le Malattie dell'Apparato Digerente (CEMAD), Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Roma, Italy.

Frontiers in Gastroenterology (Lausanne, Switzerland)
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Summary

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) treatments are evolving beyond anti-TNF-α therapies. This review classifies new drugs, procedures, and complementary approaches for managing IBD effectively.

Keywords:
biologic drugscomplementary and alternative medicinecrohn’s diseaseinnovative therapiessmall moleculesulcerative colitis

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Immunology
  • Drug Development and Therapeutics

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) present complex, multifactorial etiologies.
  • Current anti-TNF-α therapies offer benefits but have limitations, including non-response and adverse events.
  • There is a continuous need for novel therapeutic strategies in IBD management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive and updated review of current and emerging treatments for IBD.
  • To introduce a novel classification system for IBD drugs.
  • To explore alternative and complementary therapies for symptom burden reduction.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advancements in IBD treatment.
  • Analysis of novel biological therapies, small molecules, and procedural interventions.
  • Categorization of therapeutic agents based on targeted pathways and mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Identification of new biological therapies and small molecules targeting diverse gut inflammation pathways.
  • Evaluation of investigational procedures like leukocytapheresis, fecal microbiota transplant, and stem cell transplantation.
  • Highlighting the growing interest in complementary and alternative medicine for IBD symptom management.

Conclusions:

  • The therapeutic landscape for IBD is rapidly expanding with diverse treatment options.
  • A structured classification aids in understanding and navigating novel IBD therapies.
  • Future IBD management will likely involve a multimodal approach combining conventional and alternative strategies.