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Updated: Jun 29, 2026
Surgical Technique for the Implantation of Tissue Engineered Vascular Grafts and Subsequent In Vivo Monitoring
Published on: April 3, 2015
Assessing Hemodynamic Impact of Tissue-Engineered Vascular Graft Displacement: Combining Postoperative in vivo
Seda Aslan1,2, Enze Chen3,4, Miya Mese-Jones1,5
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Purpose:
Tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVG) have shown promise in advancing vascular reconstructions. However, precise in vivo implantation is challenging, and it is unclear how deviations in location and size affect hemodynamics. This study aims to 1) compare preoperative designs and postoperative anatomies of TEVG in an in vivo study to evaluate discrepancies and 2) investigate the impact of graft displacement and size on hemodynamics by virtually simulating implantation scenarios that are informed by in vivo postoperative results.
Methods:
Designed and postoperative geometries of four porcine aortas were compared to measure the mismatch in implantation location and graft shape. These results informed a virtual TEVG implantation study. TEVG location, orientation, and size were varied to investigate the effects on the final aorta shape and hemodynamics. Anastomosis of TEVG was simulated using finite element modeling. Key hemodynamic metrics were obtained from virtual implantations and actual postoperative anatomies using computational fluid dynamics.
Results:
Our in vivo study showed that TEVGs can experience up to 6.9 mm displacement and a 38° rotational shift post-implantation, leading to discrepancies in pressure drop (2.5 mmHg, 50%) and time-averaged wall shear stress (7.2 Pa, 72%) compared to predictions. Virtual TEVG implantation showed that peak systolic pressure drop (PSPD) was most sensitive to translation in the inferior-superior direction and rotation about the anterior-posterior axis. Size mismatch had a greater impact on time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) (85%) than PSPD (23%). Additionally, virtual anastomosis simulations improved aortic shape predictions by 27.5%.
Conclusion:
Our results highlight the sensitivity of key hemodynamic metrics to graft implantation location and size mismatch. By quantifying displacement ranges and their impacts during surgery, surgeons can make informed decisions.
