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Updated: Mar 14, 2026
Antigen-Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Specific Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Published on: February 24, 2023
Serum vitamins and Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children: a case-control study
Tiewei Li1,2, Nan Chen1,2, Xucheng Wang1,2
1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Children's Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Background/Objective:
Immunodeficiency is a common precipitating factor for Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). Vitamins are essential for enhancing immune function and mitigating systemic inflammation. However, the relationship between various vitamins, particularly B vitamins, and MPP in children remains underexplored. This study aims to assess the nutritional status of multiple vitamins in children with MPP and their relationship to the condition.
Methods:
A retrospective observational study was conducted at Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University. A total of 135 children diagnosed with MPP with voluntarily requested vitamin profiling were enrolled between October and December 2023. A control group of 199 children, who underwent health check-ups and vitamins assessments, were also included during the same period. Clinical and laboratory data were retrieved from the hospital's electronic medical record system.
Results:
Children with MPP exhibited significantly lower levels of VA, VD, VB1, VB7, and VC in their peripheral blood compared to the healthy control group. Nutritional analysis revealed higher deficiency rates of these vitamins in the MPP group. Correlation analysis indicated significant negative relationships between VA, VD, VB1, VB7, and VC levels and the percentage of neutrophils. Additionally, VA, VD, VB7, and VC levels were negatively correlated with the percentage of monocytes. Multivariate regression analysis, adjusted for age and neutrophil percentage, showed that VA (OR = 0.986, 95% CI: 0.981-0.992, P < 0.001), VD (OR = 0.807, 95% CI: 0.746-0.874, P < 0.001), VB1 (OR = 0.592, 95% CI: 0.406-0.864, P = 0.007), VB7 (OR = 0.980, 95% CI: 0.972-0.989, P < 0.001), and VC (OR = 0.899, 95% CI: 0.822-0.984, P = 0.021) were independently associated with MPP. Further analysis demonstrated that children with deficiencies in VA, VD, VB1, VB7, and VC had significantly higher odds of having MPP.
Conclusion:
Children with MPP exhibit significantly lower levels of VA, VD, VB1, VB7, and VC. The incidence of multiple vitamin deficiencies is notably higher in this group compared to healthy children, and a negative correlation exists between vitamin levels and neutrophil percentage. Multivariate regression analysis confirms that VA, VD, VB1, VB7, and VC were identified to be independently associated with MPP.
Insights
Children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) have lower levels of vitamins A, D, B1, B7, and C. These vitamin deficiencies are linked to increased odds of developing MPP.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Nutritional Immunology
- Clinical Microbiology
Background:
- Immunodeficiency is a key factor in Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP).
- Vitamins are crucial for immune function and reducing inflammation.
- The link between specific vitamins, especially B vitamins, and pediatric MPP is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the vitamin nutritional status in children diagnosed with MPP.
- To investigate the association between various vitamin levels and MPP in pediatric patients.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective observational study involving 135 children with MPP and 199 healthy controls.
- Vitamin profiling was conducted for all participants.
- Clinical and laboratory data were analyzed from electronic medical records.
Main Results:
- Children with MPP showed significantly lower levels of Vitamin A (VA), Vitamin D (VD), Vitamin B1 (VB1), Vitamin B7 (VB7), and Vitamin C (VC) compared to controls.
- Higher rates of deficiency were observed for these vitamins in the MPP group.
- VA, VD, VB1, VB7, and VC were independently associated with MPP, with deficiencies increasing the odds of the condition.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric MPP is associated with significantly lower levels of VA, VD, VB1, VB7, and VC.
- Multiple vitamin deficiencies are more prevalent in children with MPP.
- These findings highlight the potential role of vitamin status in the development and severity of MPP in children.
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