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Monitoring Training Effects in Athletes: A Multidimensional Framework for Decision-Making.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Athlete monitoring tracks training effects for elite athletes. This review provides a framework for data interpretation, reconciling scientific rigor with practical application to support informed decision-making.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Performance Analytics

Background:

  • Athlete monitoring is crucial for training and recovery decisions in elite sports.
  • Practitioners face challenges with data quality, feasibility, and interpreting short-term readiness signals for long-term adaptation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize conceptual and applied developments in athlete monitoring.
  • To provide a framework for interpreting 'training effects' (adaptation, maintenance, maladaptation) using readiness as a proxy.
  • To integrate practical considerations for tool selection and individualized monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of conceptual and applied developments in athlete monitoring.
  • Distinction between assessment (isolated measurement) and monitoring (repeated data collection).
  • Integration of the Minimal, Adequate, and Accurate framework for tool selection.

Main Results:

  • Readiness is positioned as an operational proxy for training effects, informing daily decisions when interpreted longitudinally and contextually.
  • Tools and metrics are organized by training load, athlete state, and training response.
  • Practical considerations for various indicators (neuromuscular, subjective, physiological, biochemical, sleep) are summarized.

Conclusions:

  • A framework is proposed to reconcile scientific rigor with real-world feasibility in athlete monitoring.
  • Individualized monitoring approaches using baselines and thresholds are outlined.
  • Monitoring should serve as a decision-support process, not a sole determinant of performance.