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Summary
A novel electric current field method precisely tracks surgical instruments in real-time, overcoming limitations of existing navigation systems. This advancement enhances accuracy and safety for intelligent minimally invasive surgery.
Area of Science:
- Medical Engineering
- Surgical Navigation
- Biomedical Instrumentation
Background:
- Current intraoperative navigation techniques (optical, X-ray, MRI) have limitations in real-time performance, workflow complexity, and visual field restrictions.
- These limitations hinder precise 3D coordinate feedback in deep, non-line-of-sight surgical environments.
- Advancements in intelligent surgery demand improved precision and real-time capabilities for minimally invasive procedures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose and evaluate an electric current field source reconstruction method for precise real-time localization of surgical instruments.
- To develop a mathematical model for electric current field-based coordinate positioning.
- To assess the positioning accuracy, robustness, and anti-interference capabilities of the proposed method.
Main Methods:
- An electric current is injected from the surgical instrument tip, generating an electric field in human tissue.
- Surface electrode potentials are measured and used to reconstruct the current source coordinates.
- A mathematical model was developed, including forward/inverse problem analysis and coordinate reconstruction.
- Simulations and experiments on a 16+1 electrode platform were conducted, including dynamic positioning tests on physiological tissues.
Main Results:
- The electric current field method enables real-time and active sensing of surgical probe coordinates.
- Positioning error was consistently within 2 mm for single-point, linear, and curved trajectories.
- Dynamic positioning experiments demonstrated robustness and anti-interference capabilities.
Conclusions:
- The proposed electric current field source reconstruction method meets the precision requirements for intraoperative navigation.
- This technique significantly enhances the accuracy and safety of surgical positioning and navigation.
- The method holds substantial engineering significance and clinical value for intelligent surgical systems.
