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Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel method for fabricating femtosecond laser waveguides in glass, eliminating the need for post-processing polishing. This technique improves fiber-to-photonic circuit transmission, especially when polishing is not feasible.

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Area of Science:

Photonics and Optical Engineering
Materials Science and Engineering

Background:

Femtosecond laser writing is a key technique for fabricating optical waveguides in glass.
Edge aberrations and the need for substrate polishing can limit the performance and applicability of laser-written waveguides.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a method for fabricating femtosecond laser waveguides in glass that bypasses the requirement for post-processing polishing.
To improve the coupling efficiency between optical fibers and photonic circuits fabricated without polishing.

Main Methods:

Amplitude masking of the fabrication laser beam near the sample edge.
Controlled increase of pulse energy during waveguide writing.
Fabrication of waveguides at various depths in fused silica and borosilicate glass.

Main Results:

Waveguides were successfully written without being affected by edge aberrations.
The fabricated waveguides exhibited mode profiles well-matched to single-mode fiber.
Significantly improved transmission from fiber to photonic circuit was achieved.

Conclusions:

The developed amplitude masking technique enables the fabrication of high-performance laser-written waveguides without post-processing polishing.
This method offers new possibilities for photonic packaging and integration, particularly in scenarios where polishing is impractical.