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Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
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Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

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In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
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Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

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In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
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Tissue-Drug Binding: Localization of Drugs and its Significance01:24

Tissue-Drug Binding: Localization of Drugs and its Significance

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Body tissues, comprising approximately 40% of the body weight, are crucial in drug distribution and localization. These tissues can serve as drug storage sites, competing with plasma binding sites for drug molecules.
Drugs can bind to different tissue components, enhancing their distribution and localization. The factors influencing drug localization in tissues include the drug's lipophilicity, structural characteristics, tissue perfusion rate, and pH differences. These factors determine...
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Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
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Anticancer Metal Complexes: Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Evaluation by the MTT Assay
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In Situ Lipid Interactions of an Anticancer Metal Complex.

Edward C Lant1, Archana C Jadhav2, Annabel Sumeray3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.

Inorganic Chemistry
|March 13, 2026
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Summary

This study reveals a novel anticancer complex targets cellular lipid membranes and droplets, exhibiting luminescence in cancer cells and remodeling lipid structures. Further research into this complex

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Using In Vitro Live-cell Imaging to Explore Chemotherapeutics Delivered by Lipid-based Nanoparticles
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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Chemical Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Anticancer drug development requires understanding cellular targeting mechanisms.
  • Lipid membranes and droplets are increasingly recognized as key sites for drug interaction and efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cellular localization and effects of a novel half-sandwich cyclopentadienyl Rh(III) phenylazopyridine anticancer complex.
  • To elucidate the interaction of this complex with cellular lipid environments using advanced imaging techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Integrated multimodal imaging: cryogenic super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, soft X-ray tomography.
  • Mass spectrometry: Orbitrap secondary ion mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.
  • Computational modeling: Density Functional Theory (DFT) for supramolecular interactions.

Main Results:

  • The Rh(III) complex unexpectedly targets cellular lipid membranes and lipid droplets.
  • Accumulation in plasma membranes leads to intense 'switch-on' luminescence in living cancer cells.
  • The complex remodels lipid droplet architecture and penetrates lipid-rich tissues.
  • DFT modeling indicates strong supramolecular interactions with glycerophosphorylcholine lipids.

Conclusions:

  • The cyclopentadienyl Rh(III) complex exhibits unique lipid-targeting properties with potential anticancer applications.
  • Its luminescence and lipid remodeling capabilities offer new avenues for cancer therapy and diagnostics.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for designing next-generation metallodrugs.