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Motility-induced phase separation (MIPS) is destroyed in wet active systems by fluid interactions. Modifying these interactions, however, can restore MIPS, offering new possibilities for active matter control.

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Area of Science:

  • Active matter physics
  • Soft condensed matter
  • Hydrodynamics

Background:

  • Motility-induced phase separation (MIPS) is a key phenomenon in active matter, driven by self-propulsion.
  • Its occurrence in wet systems with fluid-mediated hydrodynamic interactions (HIs) remains debated.
  • Understanding MIPS in fluidic environments is crucial for active matter applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether MIPS can occur in wet active systems.
  • To identify the mechanisms by which hydrodynamic interactions affect MIPS.
  • To explore methods for restoring MIPS in fluidic environments.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis
  • Large-scale active fast Stokesian dynamics simulations
  • Utilizing the squirmer model for active particles

Main Results:

  • Collision-induced pusher force dipoles, even in neutral squirmers, disrupt MIPS when HIs are present.
  • Both rotational and translational HIs independently suppress phase separation.
  • Surface coatings can tune HIs to recover MIPS in fluidic systems.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrodynamic interactions are critical in suppressing MIPS in wet active systems.
  • Understanding and controlling HIs is key to achieving MIPS in fluidic environments.
  • Surface modification offers a viable strategy to restore MIPS by tuning HIs.