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Association Between Family Dysfunction and Risk for Eating Disorders in Adolescents.

Mario J Valladares-Garrido1,2, Camila I Medina-Quispe3, Darwin A León-Figueroa4

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Moderate family dysfunction significantly increased eating disorder (ED) risk in adolescents post-COVID-19. School-based interventions addressing family dynamics and resilience are crucial for adolescent mental health.

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Area of Science:

  • Adolescent Health
  • Psychosocial Factors
  • Eating Disorders

Background:

  • Eating disorder (ED) risk in adolescents is linked to psychosocial factors, especially family dysfunction.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic may have exacerbated these risks by disrupting family dynamics and increasing stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between family dysfunction and ED risk in school adolescents in Lambayeque, Peru, during the post-pandemic period.

Main Methods:

  • An analytical cross-sectional study involved 1219 students from five schools (September-December 2022).
  • ED risk was screened using the SCOFF questionnaire, and family functioning was assessed with the Family APGAR.
  • Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs).

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of ED risk was 39.3%. Moderate family dysfunction showed an association with higher ED risk (PR = 1.11).
  • Other risk factors included obesity, family history of mental illness, course failure, frequent alcohol consumption, and family COVID-19 hospitalization.
  • Protective factors included male sex, social connection, resilience, and peri-urban living.

Conclusions:

  • Moderate family dysfunction is associated with increased ED risk in adolescents.
  • Findings emphasize the need for school-based screening, family-centered interventions, and resilience promotion.
  • Causal relationships cannot be inferred due to the cross-sectional design.