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Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
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Dental Caries Is Associated with Multidimensional Poverty: Evidence from Colombia.

Mauricio Alberto Cortes-Cely1,2,3, Luis Jorge Hernandez-Florez2, Angelica Castro-Rios4

  • 1Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas, Odontológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México CP 04510, Mexico.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Dental caries in a household is linked to higher multidimensional poverty in Colombia. Addressing oral health is crucial for tackling inequality and improving public health strategies for vulnerable populations.

Keywords:
dental cariesoral healthpovertysocial determinants of health

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Social Epidemiology
  • Health Economics

Background:

  • Dental caries is a significant public health issue globally.
  • Multidimensional poverty affects a substantial portion of the Colombian population.
  • The relationship between oral health and socioeconomic status, particularly poverty, requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between dental caries and multidimensional poverty in Colombia.
  • To utilize data from the National Oral Health Survey (ENSAB IV).
  • To identify specific dimensions of poverty linked to dental caries.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analytical study of 20,534 individuals across six Colombian regions.
  • Dental caries assessed using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS).
  • Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) adapted for Colombia; Poisson regression models used for analysis.

Main Results:

  • Households with caries exhibited higher rates of multidimensional poverty (59.9% incidence, 46.7% intensity) than those without.
  • Significant associations found between caries and deprivation in education, child labor, unemployment, health insurance, and housing.
  • A positive association between MPI and caries presence was confirmed (IRR = 1.08), with female head of household and rural residence also associated with caries.

Conclusions:

  • Dental caries in household members is significantly associated with multidimensional poverty in Colombia.
  • Oral health should be recognized as an indicator of structural inequality and included in social progress metrics.
  • Findings support developing public health strategies addressing social determinants of oral health in vulnerable groups.