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Related Experiment Video

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MicroRNA Based Liquid Biopsy: The Experience of the Plasma miRNA Signature Classifier MSC for Lung Cancer Screening
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Development of microRNA-Based Glioblastoma Biomarkers Using Blood Plasma Specimens.

Sophia Giliberto1, Kenny K Ablordeppey2, Jacob Goldman2

  • 1Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This pilot study identified specific microRNA (miRNA) pairs in blood plasma that can accurately detect glioblastoma (GBM). These findings support developing a noninvasive diagnostic test for GBM using circulating miRNA signatures.

Keywords:
biomarkerglioblastomaliquid biopsymicroRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Glioblastoma (GBM) diagnosis and monitoring require effective noninvasive biomarkers.
  • Current diagnostic methods for GBM have limitations, necessitating novel approaches.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) show potential as circulating biomarkers due to their stability and role in gene regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic potential of 48 pre-selected microRNAs (miRNAs) in plasma for glioblastoma (GBM).
  • To identify candidate miRNA biomarkers for the noninvasive detection of GBM.
  • To assess the feasibility of a plasma-based miRNA signature for GBM diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • RNA extraction from plasma samples of GBM patients (n=30) and healthy controls (n=30).
  • Expression profiling of 48 microRNAs (miRNAs) using proprietary software for data processing and classifier training.
  • Analysis of miRNA expression patterns and ratios between miRNA pairs to identify discriminatory biomarkers.

Main Results:

  • Plasma miRNA expression patterns showed similarities to matched GBM tumor tissues.
  • Specific miRNA pairs demonstrated high diagnostic performance, with AUC values up to 0.93 for distinguishing GBM from controls.
  • A multi-biomarker classifier combining three miRNA pairs achieved an AUC of 0.992, with 93% sensitivity and 100% specificity.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma-based miRNA signatures show significant potential as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for glioblastoma (GBM).
  • The high discriminatory performance supports further development of this approach for clinical application.
  • This pilot study provides a foundation for larger prospective studies to validate clinical utility in diagnostic and monitoring settings.